Sam Kazemian

ETHGlobal · Jul 9, 2026

In this fireside chat, Spencer Noon from OurNetwork sits down with Sam Kazemian, founder of Frax, to discuss how a stablecoin becomes core infrastructure in the post Genius Act world. Sam winds back to March 2025 when he, co-founder Travis Moore, and US industry figures including the Blockchain Association and Coinbase's Brian Armstrong were negotiating the wording of the Genius Act, which legalized payment stablecoins as federally regulated digital dollars. He breaks down what he sees as the most important part of the act: a stablecoin issuer backed by narrow collateral types (Fed reverse repos, money market fund securities, Treasury bills, and FDIC insured bank deposits, or RWAs representing those) can become a Genius compliant issuer through the OCC or a state regulator, issuing what amounts to legal tender that banks, companies, and fintechs can accept. He explains that while Frax was an Ethereum DeFi OG with an original hybrid algorithmic stablecoin (now deprecated but not shut down, like DAI and Sky), the flagship product is now FraxUSD, a Genius compliant stablecoin that launched right when the act passed in July 2025. Sam details FraxUSD's core differentiator: unlike USDC or USDT where users and venues have no relationship with the issuer and receive none of the underlying risk free yield, FraxUSD streams the risk free rate directly on chain. He walks through the concrete mechanism built with Aave V4, where a reserve link smart contract checks the average FraxUSD balance in partner protocols like Aave and Curve pools daily, mints new FraxUSD against the growing reserves, and streams it into those venues, making FraxUSD the highest TVL lent digital dollar on Aave V4. Users can view the underlying RWAs (money market fund securities and Treasury bills custodied by BlackRock, BNY, and WisdomTree). Sam frames base money stablecoins as the biggest network effect product in crypto, distinct from yield bearing 4626 vaults, and explains Frax's forward looking strategy of not fighting USDC on established venues but instead becoming the aligned default digital dollar for the infrastructure of tomorrow like Aave V4, Morpho, and new RWA pools. Spencer connects this to DeFi's promise of financial empowerment and Vitalik's critique of unnecessary rent seeking, noting the current disconnect between $300 billion in stablecoins and only $16 billion on lending protocols. Sam closes with a prediction that the stablecoin supply will double from $300 billion to over $600 billion within a year, with banks moving balance sheets into compliant stablecoins and companies running stablecoin treasuries becoming routine daily headlines. 00:00 Introduction 00:07 Winding Back to March 2025 and the Genius Act 00:51 What the Genius Act Legalized 01:17 Deconstructing the Parts That Matter 01:51 The Narrow Collateral Requirements 02:25 Why Frax Built the New Version This Way 02:58 From Algorithmic Stablecoin to FraxUSD 03:48 Being First to Build to the Act 04:31 The User Journey vs a Neo Bank or Coinbase 05:03 Why Most Venues Get No Yield From Issuers 05:32 The Aave V4 Risk Free Rate Mechanism 05:58 Highest TVL Digital Dollar on Aave V4 06:24 Looking Forward, Not Winding Back the Clock 06:58 The Aligned, Regulated, Redeemable Digital Dollar 07:32 Why the Current Lending Rate Falls Short 08:38 Viewing the Underlying RWAs on Frax's Website 09:08 Which Institutions Custody the Reserves 09:37 How the Reserve Link Smart Contract Works 09:59 A Programmable Version of Coinbase USDC Earn 10:33 Why Base Money Is the Biggest Network Effect 11:32 Network Effects vs Yield Bearing Vaults 12:06 FraxUSD as Direct Spend Across Venues 12:34 DeFi as Financial Empowerment 13:10 The $300 Billion vs $16 Billion Gap 13:39 Efficiency, Alignment, and Composability 14:04 Sustainable Infrastructure, Not a Campaign 14:37 Not Fighting USDC on Established Pairs 15:03 Targeting the Infrastructure of Tomorrow 15:37 The Two Year Vision for FraxUSD Dominance 16:32 What KPIs Frax Aligns Around 16:53 Why Eventually There Will Just Be Dollars 17:59 Banks and Companies Moving to Stablecoin Treasuries 18:51 When Billion Dollar Mints Become Daily Headlines 19:07 Closing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *ETHConf 2026* ETHConf is a 3 day event for founders, industry leaders, and builders who are excited about the possibilities of building on top of Ethereum. Connect with 2,000+ top innovators in crypto, finance, technology, and policy at our inaugural three-day event packed with showcases, demos, partnerships, and conversations shaping the future of the global economy. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ✅ *Follow ETHConf* X: https://x.com/ethconf Website: https://ethconf.com _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 🎟️ Get your early bird tickets for ETHConf 2027: https://ethconf.com/2027#tickets 🎤 View the full ETHConf 2026 Speaker Schedule: https://ethconf.com/schedule _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

ETHGlobal · Nov 9, 2025

Denham Preen, co-founder of Envio, presents on modern blockchain indexing at scale, emphasizing the need for advanced tools as blockchain transaction throughput surges from Ethereum’s 15 TPS to new chains like Monad and Sonic reaching up to 400,000 TPS. He outlines three pillars of modern indexing: performance (handling massive event volumes, e.g., 80M events in 9 hours), multi-chain support (indexing across 20+ networks, simplifying DevOps), and flexibility (end-to-end backend integration, async event handling, custom notifications, and database compatibility). Envio’s stack includes Hypersync (Rust-based, high-performance data engine) and Hyperindex (developer-friendly, multi-chain framework). Real-world use cases include headless block explorers, revoke.cash integrations, streaming APIs, real-time analytics, arbitrage dashboards, and oracle indexing. Modern indexing enables scalable, flexible, and multi-chain DApp development, crucial for the next generation of blockchain applications. 00:00 Introduction 01:00 About Denham Preen and Envio 02:15 What is Blockchain Indexing? 03:03 Evolution of Blockchain Throughput 04:18 The Need for Modern Indexing 04:53 Three Pillars: Performance, Multi-chain, Flexibility 05:42 Performance Case Study: Metry 07:01 Multi-chain Indexing: Sablier & Pimlico 08:26 Flexibility in Indexing: Monad Clip Example 09:18 Advanced Use Cases for Flexible Indexers 10:05 Envio Stack: Hypersync & Hyperindex 11:15 Hypersync: Rust-based Performance Engine 12:09 Indexers as Application Tools 12:29 Practical Examples & Demos 13:23 Security & Approval Tools: revoke.cash, Snub 13:55 Big Data & Real-time Analytics 14:17 Uniswap v4 Analytics 15:09 Arbitrage Dashboards & Oracle Wars 15:58 Scaling to Visa-level Throughput 16:19 Community Feedback & Recap 16:44 Closing & Contact Info _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 🇮🇳 *Pragma New Delhi* Pragma New Delhi 2025 was held on September 25th at the JW Marriott Hotel in Aerocity New Delhi and was an in-person summit for builders and leaders in the web3 ecosystem. Watch the full Pragma New Delhi YouTube Playlist here: ETHGlobal's Pragma series takes place in cities around the world, and is designed to be a different kind of event. Pragma is a one-stage conference with founders-only on stage, bringing together a small group of curated attendees and speakers to discuss the future of web3 and reflect on the past. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ✅ Follow Denham Preen X: https://x.com/DenhamPreen ✅ Follow Envio X: https://x.com/envio_indexer ✅ Follow ETHGlobal X: https://x.com/ETHGlobal​ Warpcast: https://warpcast.com/ethglobal Website: https://ethglobal.com YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@UCfF9ZO8Ug4xk_AJd4aeT5HA _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Are you interested in Ethereum development and entrepreneurship? 👉 Sign up for the next ETHGlobal event: https://ethglobal.com/events 🎁 Get exclusive access and perks with ETHGlobal Plus! https://ethglobal.com/plus 📣 Want us to throw an event in your city? Tell us where! https://ethglobal.com/city _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

ETHGlobal · Oct 9, 2025

In this keynote from Pragma Singapore 2024, Ayush Ranjan, Co-founder and CEO of Huddle01, dives deep into the future of Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN) and how Huddle01 is pioneering Realtime Communication (RTC) on a decentralized mesh. Learn how Huddle01 reduces latency, cuts infrastructure costs, and decentralizes communication by running on community-powered media nodes. Ayush outlines why "less physical" in DePIN (aka more digital-first) results in better scalability, economics, and trust. He also reveals how Huddle01’s QoS-driven approach enables verifiable, low-latency communication across the globe. Whether you're a builder, founder, or investor in Web3, DePIN, or communication infrastructure, this talk is packed with technical insights, protocol design philosophies, and bold predictions for the future of decentralized connectivity. 00:00 Intro to DePIN and Huddle01 00:58 What is Realtime Communication (RTC)? 01:28 RTC’s role in decentralized infrastructure 01:59 High cost of RTC and AWS reliance 03:00 Geographical latency issues in video calls 04:03 Why communication innovation stalled 04:28 Understanding DePIN and its digital vs physical layers 05:23 The DePIN debate: More or Less “P”? 06:25 Introducing Virtual Infrastructure Networks (ViVIN) 06:54 Verifying nodes through QoS, not hardware 07:22 QoS metrics: bitrate, packet loss, latency 08:20 Solving sub-100ms global latency 09:18 Node specs and performance validation 09:48 Making QoS tests tamper-proof 10:19 Defining network score thresholds 10:49 Importance of low latency in LLM interactions 11:14 Scaling digital networks without logistics 11:42 Huddle01’s subsystem architecture 12:11 Meet app: P2P, secure, decentralized Zoom alternative 12:38 SDKs for integrating RTC in 5 minutes 13:05 Media nodes and people-powered infrastructure 13:35 Internet speed & privacy in decentralized RTC 14:08 Easy node setup and bootstrapping rewards 14:36 Why DePINs must build their own demand 14:59 Sustainable business model through RTC SDK 15:23 Revenue and adoption metrics 15:53 180p quality and immersive communication 16:20 Solving latency for immersive & VR use cases 16:52 The Huddle01 economy explained 17:20 Who is using Huddle01 today 17:52 Video conferencing + livestreaming on one platform 18:24 What’s next: nodes, partners, staking, whitepaper 19:03 The team and global infrastructure footprint 19:33 RTC: the hardest bandwidth layer to solve 20:03 Two keys to scaling DePIN successfully 20:32 Closing remarks _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 🇸🇬 *Pragma Singapore* Pragma Singapore 2024 was a special gathering of founders and builders that took place September 19, 2024 at the Fullerton Hotel in Singapore. Pragma Singapore 2024 was an opportunity discuss the future of web3 and reflect on the past. Watch the full Pragma Singapore playlist here: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXzKMXK2aHh6z0saYJnVdgXWfz-vaoEYx&si=uavhkhF5Kc8XBoLv ETHGlobal's Pragma series takes place in cities around the world, and is designed to be a different kind of event. Pragma is a one-stage conference with founders-only on stage, bringing together a small group of curated attendees and speakers to discuss the future of web3 and reflect on the past. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ✅ *Follow Ayush Ranjan* X: https://x.com/ranjan3118 ✅ *Follow Huddle01* X: https://x.com/huddle01com ✅ *Follow ETHGlobal* X: https://x.com/ETHGlobal​ Warpcast: https://warpcast.com/ethglobal Website: https://ethglobal.com YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/ETHGlobal _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Are you interested in Ethereum development and entrepreneurship?_ 👉 Sign up for the next ETHGlobal event: https://ethglobal.com/events 🎁 Get exclusive access and perks with ETHGlobal Plus! https://ethglobal.com/plus 📣 Want us to throw an event in your city? Tell us where! https://ethglobal.com/city _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

ETHGlobal · Oct 9, 2025

Mike, co-founder of Superfluid Protocol, discusses the transformative impact of giving AI agents crypto wallets, enabling them to act as autonomous economic actors in the blockchain and Web3 ecosystem. He explains that AI agents, empowered with wallets, can own assets, transact on-chain, participate in DAOs, hire resources, and coordinate at scale. This shift demands a new focus on "agent experience"—optimizing protocols for machine users rather than humans, emphasizing legibility, modularity, composability, predictability, and auditability. Mike highlights the rise of agent-to-agent protocols, the importance of reputation systems, and the ongoing evolution from human-centric to agent-centric design. He notes that while AI-driven agents are already influencing DeFi and DAO governance, the field is still nascent, with most developments at the experimental stage. The talk concludes with a Q&A on agent swarms and the current state of agent-to-agent communication in Web3. 00:00 Introduction 00:32 Why AI Wallets Are a Gamechanger 01:12 The Rise of Autonomous Agents 02:11 Ownership and Capital for Agents 02:38 Crypto Wallets Empower AI Agents 03:11 AI Agents as Economic Actors 04:08 From Assistant to Entrepreneur Agents 05:02 AI in DAO Governance 05:51 AI and Blockchain: The Perfect OS 06:24 Blockchain’s Machine-Readable Advantages 06:57 Reputation and Transparency 07:21 Algo Trading and AI in Finance 08:11 AI Agents as Protocol Users 09:05 Designing Protocols for Humans vs Agents 10:13 Agent Experience: A New Paradigm 11:20 Optimizing for Agent Experience 13:21 Real-Time Value Transfer for Agents 14:40 Agents and Streaming Payments 15:37 Further Resources and Closing 15:57 Q&A: Agent-to-Agent Protocols 16:49 Agent Swarms and DeFi Coordination 18:00 State of Agent-to-Agent Communication 18:50 Closing Remarks _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 🇫🇷 *Pragma Cannes* Pragma Cannes 2025 was held on July 3rd at the Carlton Cannes in Cannes, France and was an in-person summit for builders and leaders in the web3 ecosystem. Watch the full Pragma Cannes YouTube Playlist here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXzKMXK2aHh6jZYPY5-YIBzvMtUT3ajjI ETHGlobal's Pragma series takes place in cities around the world, and is designed to be a different kind of event. Pragma is a one-stage conference with founders-only on stage, bringing together a small group of curated attendees and speakers to discuss the future of web3 and reflect on the past. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ✅ Follow Superfluid X: https://x.com/Superfluid_HQ ✅ Follow ETHGlobal X: https://x.com/ETHGlobal​ Warpcast: https://warpcast.com/ethglobal Website: https://ethglobal.com YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@UCfF9ZO8Ug4xk_AJd4aeT5HA _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Are you interested in Ethereum development and entrepreneurship? 👉 Sign up for the next ETHGlobal event: https://ethglobal.com/events 🎁 Get exclusive access and perks with ETHGlobal Plus! https://ethglobal.com/plus 📣 Want us to throw an event in your city? Tell us where! https://ethglobal.com/city _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Swarm · Jun 21, 2024

No description The video features a speaker discussing the capabilities of a decentralized storage and communication platform, commonly known as "swarm," beyond just uploading and retrieving static files. The main focus of the talk is "swarm radio," a project aimed at live streaming media, specifically music, to the swarm network, allowing users to access the stream through a single reference. The speaker explains how to build this system using Web2 technologies like HTML live streaming (HLS) while utilizing swarm as the backend. The process involves using HLS to split an MP3 file into patches that can be streamed in real-time. These patches are uploaded to swarm, and an M3U8 manifest file is used to direct clients to the latest data patches for continuous playback. The speaker introduces "feeds" in swarm, which allow for a static reference that points to mutable data that can change over time, such as the M3U8 manifest file. The architecture involves input from an FFmpeg command (which could be from a local MP3 file or live input like a microphone), an intermediary upload server that processes and uploads files to swarm, and updates feeds with new manifest files. The demo showcases how all these components work together to enable live music streaming hosted on swarm. Lastly, the speaker addresses questions about extending this

Swarm · Jun 20, 2024

An early fully decentralized implementation of a Swarm streaming site. The application aims to leverage Swarm's architecture to provide a resilient, scalable, and efficient platform for streaming media content. The video features a senior software engineer demonstrating a proof of concept for media streaming over SRAM. The presentation covers the basics of streaming, including the use of codecs and media containers for compressing and transferring files, as well as the typical infrastructure involved in streaming, which includes capturing media, transcoding, storage, and distribution through CDN networks. The speaker introduces the concept of using a decentralized network, specifically swarm technology, to handle storage and distribution while partnering with Livepeer for transcoding. A live demo is attempted using a React application to stream video over swarm, showcasing how streams are created and updated using swarm feeds. Despite some initial connectivity issues due to mobile network limitations, the demo is successful. The speaker also discusses ongoing work on adaptive buffering, performance improvements, UI development to simplify user experience by hiding technical details like hashes and keys, and chat integration for a complete streaming package. Questions from the audience address cost considerations for using the system and technical aspects such as content availability after live streaming ends and the necessity of topics for accessing videos.

LBWTV · Jun 17, 2024

StreamEth By Samuel Ojo The video features a developer from Streameth, Samuel Ojo, discussing the advantages of their platform for hosting virtual and hybrid events. Samuel outlines the limitations of traditional Web2 media companies, such as IP restrictions, monetization difficulties, censorship issues, high fees, lack of ad control, and limited customizability. He then presents Streameth as a complete Web3 solution that overcomes these problems by allowing event organizers to host customizable events with features like decentralized chat and IPFS storage to ensure content permanence. The platform also offers engagement tools, automated post-production editing, automated text transcription generation, and the ability to create video NFTs for unique monetization and access opportunities. Samuel explains that Streameth is affordable and utilizes multiple blockchains including Ethereum and BSC for smart contract deployment. He emphasizes that content on IPFS is not deleted but can be unpinned from databases like Pinata without being removed from the blockchain network. The presentation concludes with an invitation for questions from the audience.

Ethereum Denver · Oct 9, 2020

This talk is from ETHDenver, the world’s largest Web3 BUIDLathon and Community Gathering. ETHDenver’s content is crypto and blockchain focused. Subscribe to our channel to learn more + connect on Twitter: https://twitter.com/EthereumDenver. Speaker: Anna Vladi of Blocx Abstract: Discussing the first-ever use case on MasterCard network, disrupting payments space where merchants receive huge incentives with elimination of interchange fees, no clearing and immediate settlements. This talk was recorded Friday, February 14, 2020. ETHDenver 2020’s content themes included DeFi; DAOs and Token Engineering (TE); Gaming and Usability; Protocols and Interoperability; and Public Good and Social Impact. Industry experts also weighed in on topics like decentralization, privacy, identity, non-fungible tokens, scaling, governance, diversity, and arts and culture in blockchain technology. The 2020 event was February 14-16 in Denver, Colorado and hosted 2000+ blockchain enthusiasts, developers and community members from 50 countries and 50 U.S. states. 🔴 SUBSCRIBE ETHDenver’s YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgz9NU06t_FkT0Py1Vadczw 💡 LEARN ETHDenver’s Official Website https://www.ethdenver.com/ 👋 CONNECT ETHDenver Twitter https://twitter.com/EthereumDenver 📖 READ ETHDenver News on Medium https://medium.com/ethdenver 🛍️ SHOP ETHDenver Official Merchandise bufficorn.com 💬 CHAT Telegram https://t.me/Ethdenver Discord https://discord.gg/jteMn5c 📱 FOLLOW LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/company/ethdenver Instagram https://www.instagram.com/ethdenver/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ETHDenver/